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Last Update: 01/31/00

Identification of Volatiles and Semi-Volatiles In Carbonated Colas

INTRODUCTION

A large number of volatile and semi-volatile organics are present in commercial beverages which are responsible for each of their unique flavors. With increased shelf life or exposure to environmental conditions, the relative amounts of these organics can vary due to evaporation or chemical changes. Off-odors and unusual taste development occur in some carbonated colas with increased shelf life or stored at temperatures higher than normal. Problems associated with off-odor/off-taste development are thought to be related to the manufacturer's formulation, interaction of the volatile components with the different types of container lining, or foreign material introduction. Previous studies showed the greatest odor problems were in bottles with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) closure liners containing titanium dioxide (1). These off-odors were probably due to the presence of terpene degradation products. Light intensity and temperature are also thought to influence off-odor development. Increased shelf life in varying light and temperature conditions may stimulate oxidative reactions. Wiley et al. (1) suggest that a turpentine-like off-odor development is due to excess p-cymene in the cola resulting from increased shelf life at higher temperatures. The primary sources of p-cymene appeared to be from the conversion of terpinene and limonene, natural constituents of lemon oils used in cola formulations. The purpose of this study is to analyze several brands of carbonated colas in aluminum cans to compare the flavor profiles of different manufactures' brands and to quantify cymene and limonene within these products. Quantification of cymene and limonene is conducted to determine their relationship of off-odor/off-taste development with increased shelf life.

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